A softener usually fails loudly or quietly, but the first sign of trouble is often not at the softener at all. A slow drop in flow across the house, which people often describe as weaker showers and slower filling, can come from a clogged sediment filter installed ahead of the softener. Catching it early keeps the softener from taking the blame for something it did not cause.

Check the pattern

A pressure drop that builds over weeks or months points to a filter that is loading up with fine material. A sudden drop points to something else, such as a closed valve or a break, and should be checked right away. Note which taps are affected. If every fixture slows at once, the problem is likely upstream of where the line splits. If only one or two outlets are weak, check their aerators and supply lines first.

Look at the cartridge

If you have a cartridge filter ahead of the softener, compare it with the manufacturer's change schedule, then look at it. A cartridge that is dark, coated, or visibly full of grit has done its job and may be restricting flow. Note when it was last changed, either on the housing or in your records, so you know whether it is due.

Compare pressure before and after

If the filter has a gauge on each side, or you can add one, read both. A large gap between the inlet and outlet readings means the filter is restricting flow. Write the readings down so you can see whether the gap grows over time.

Know what the softener does and does not do

A softener's resin can trap some fine particles, but it is not built to be the main sediment catch. Heavy sediment that reaches the softener can shorten the life of the resin and the control valve. If you notice grit in the aerators at several outlets, the upstream filter is probably not doing its job.

What to ask your installer

Ask which filter stages are in the system, which one sits ahead of the softener, what change interval the manufacturer gives for each, and where a gauge could be fitted. Ask the installer to show you the cartridge housing and how to check it. If the answer is vague, ask for a written schedule.